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CMSC 27410 / Math 28410 -- Honors Combinatorics

CMSC 37200 -- Combinatorics -- Spring 2024


What's new | Seeking consent? | Health | Info | Contact | Questionnaire | Course description | Texts | Handouts | Grading | HW rules | Categories of exercises | Gradescope | Policy on collaboration and web sources | Zoom and privacy | HOMEWORK, material covered | LaTeX HW template | SLIDES | Statistics | Instructor's past courses

What is new?

PRESS "REFRESH" to find out!

This page is under construction. Refresh your browser to find the latest material.

05-09 3:20   iPad notes for all previous lectures and problem sessions posted. Click SLIDES on the banner.

04-26 1:00   ORD06 and BON06 posted on Gradescope. Due to the late posting, I moved the deadline to Tuesday, April 30, 23:00.

04-20 20:40   iPad notes for all previous lectures and problem sessions posted. Click SLIDES on the banner.

04-16 9:20   iPad notes for all previous lectures and problem sessions posted. Click SLIDES on the banner.

04-05 10:00   Assignments ORD03, BON03 posted on Gradescope

03-28 5:00   Assignments ORD02, BON02 posted on Gradescope

03-21 14:00   Today's iPad slides have been proofread and posted. Click SLIDES on the banner.

03-20 14:15   First batch of HW problems posted. Click "HOMEWORK, material covered" on the banner.

03-19 23:30   Today's iPad slides have been proofread and posted.


REMEMBER:   problem session every Friday 16:30-17:20   Room: Ryerson 276   First session:   Friday, March 22.
The problem session is followed by an office hour.
Homework is an integral part of the course material, and the problem sessions provide the most important feedback on homework. So while the problem sessions are not mandatory, they are strongly recommended; please check with the instructor if you have a scheduling conflict.


IF YOU SEEK CONSENT FOR ADMISSION TO THIS COURSE, please complete the Questionnaire below and email your answers to the instructor. Subject: CMSC 27410 data, seeking consent.


There will be frequent postings on this course website. Please check it frequently, and always REFRESH your browser.


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Health warning

This is an in-person class in a crowded classroom. I encourage everybody to wear an N95 mask for your own sake and everyone else's, including your instructor's who is at hightened risk. (I will not wear a mask while speaking, at least for now, because the mask would impede comprehension of what is being said.)
We use the "chat" feature of Zoom in the classroom so you can privately communicate your comments to the instructor, without taking your mask off.
I encourage everybody get the latest updated Covid vaccine. (This has been designed to target recently circulating variants.) Remember that the effectiveness of vaccines diminishes with passing time, another reason to get revaccinated. Remember also that even with the vaccine, you can get the virus (but your illness is likely to be much milder) and you can spread the virus even while you have no symptoms. -- Flu vaccine is also strongly recommended, and the N95 masks reduce the spread of the flu.


General information

Homework problems will be posted on this website. Homework is due every Monday by 23:00, submitted online on Gradescope.

The instructor places an emphasis on interaction with the students. Student responses to the instructor's questions will be given in private on Zoom "chat."

Outside class, email is the best way to communicate with the instructor. (See the email addresses below.)


Class schedule


Contact information, office hours

Instructor:   László Babai     (do not use the accents in email communication)

    e-mail: laci(at)u.e. (expand abbreviation) and lbabai(at)[Google's mail service]

When sending me a message, please use BOTH email addresses to help ensure that I see it. I have been experiencing a variety of uncertainties with email.

Office hours: The weekly problem sessions (Fri 4:20-5:20) will be followed by an office hour. Please send me email if you wish to have a one-on-one appointment.

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Questionnaire

Please send email to the instructor with answers to these questions, even if you are only auditing the class, did not register, or have an unusual status. Your answers to these questions will help me to better plan the course. Please write "CMSC 27410 data" in the subject (even if you registered or plan to register under one of the other two course numbers).
Please read the questions carefully and do not miss parts of them.

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Course description

This is a proof-based course. It requires familiarity with mathematical proofs and certain degree of mathematical maturity. The course involves mathematical problem solving.

The subject includes classes of finite combinatorial structures (graphs, hypergraphs), objects with high regularity (Latin squares, block designs, especially Steiner triple systems and finite projective planes), their existence and construction. Fundamental parameters of hypergraphs (matching number, covering number, chromatic number, independence number), linear relaxation, duality. Extremal combinatorics, probabilistic combinatorics, linear algebra methods in combinatorics. Counting and estimation, asymptotic notation. Generating functions. The Permanent Inequality.

Mathematical puzzles will pepper the course.

Prerequisites: Basic linear algebra, calculus, and the basics of discrete mathematics, along with a degree of mathematical maturity and an interest in creative problem solving.


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While this course will not be identical with the Winter 2023 course by the same title and course numbers, the overlap will be significant, and a most valuable source of information about the course content is the Homework, material covered section of the 2023 course website.

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Texts

We shall not follow any particular text, so your attention to the classes and to this website is important. Your primary text will be your course notes. So please make sure you don't miss classes. If you do, try to discuss the class with a peer and copy their notes.

Online resources

I will be using iPad in lieu of a whiteboard. The iPad notes will be posted after each class. Click "SLIDES" on the banner.

A considerable portion of the material is covered in this unfinished book:

An online IBL-style introduction to linear algebra (including linear algebra over finite fields) is offered in another unfinished manuscript by the instructor:

Online lecture notes: instructor's "Discrete Mathematics" lecture notes (preliminary, incomplete drafts):

Note that the chapter numberings in the two versions are not consistent. Some of the introductory chapters are missing from "DMmaxi" while the mini version does not include any of the advanced material; regarding chapters that appear in both versions, the more recent updates appear in the mini version.

Chapter 7 ("Finite Probability Spaces") of the mini version has been greatly revised and is available as a standalone set of notes:

An update of the "Asymptotic notation" chapter of the mini version is here:

Recommended reading

A delightful general introduction to combinatorics is the book

Advanced reading

These three classics by the masters are beautiful resources for deeper study:

Basic introduction  

This is a popular undergraduate text:

Kenneth H. Rosen: Discrete Mathematics and its Applications ($n$-th edition, $n=2,3,4,5,\dots$)

Unfortunately the graph theory terminology in this book significantly differs from ours and from common usage. The most important differences are listed in DMmini, Chapter 6.1 ("Graph Theory terminology").

Handouts

There are online handouts for the following subjects.

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Grading scheme    Homework 85%     Class participation 15%


Rules on homework

There will be weekly homework assignments, due online on Gradescope Monday by 23:00. You need to typeset your paper in LaTeX, convert it to PDF, and upload the PDF on Gradescope. Use the LaTeX homework template provided.

Homework problems are posted on this website; Please make sure to refresh your browser to get the latest version of the homework problems.
The problems are organized into weekly assigments on Gradescope.

Errors may occur, both in class and in the posted version of the problems. Please recheck the website, especially if you suspect an error.

If you find an error or something looks suspicious in an assignment (e.g., it seems too easy or it has already been discussed), please notify the instructor (by email) as soon as possible. This will help you and everyone else in class. If the error is of a trivial nature (e.g., the statement is false for $n=0$ but true otherwise), you are expected to discover the error, correct the problem, and solve the corrected problem.

Homework help. If you encounter difficulties with an assigned problem, you may contact the instructor by email.

Categories of exercises

Submitting homework on Gradescope

Log into the Canvas site for this class. On the navigation bar to the left, click "Gradescope". You will see two assignments, "ordinary" problems (ORD01, ORD02, etc.) and "bonus" problems (BON02, BON03, etc.). Click "upload images" even if you have no itention to upload any images. This will allow you to see the details of the assignments (which problem corresponds to what exercise on the course website).

On Gradescope you will find a brief description of each problem. These descriptions do NOT constitute the problem statements. You find the authentic statement of each question on the course homepage. (Click "HOMEWORK and material covered" on the banner.)

Please use the LaTeX homework template (click on the navigation bar on the top) to typeset your solutions. Make sure to put in your name, and for each solution, complete the entry "Sources and collaborations" (see "Policy on collaboration and the use of web sources and AI tools" below). If you did use AI tools, mention it in "Sources and collaborations" and send me a detailed report by email. (Write "None" if you did not use sources and did not collaborate.)

Please upload one PDF file per "assignment," i.e., two PDF files per week: one for the "ORD" assignment and one for the "BON" assignment.

Please typeset each solution on a separate page (but parts (a), (b), etc. of the same problem can go on the same page).

IMPORTANT: As you upload your PDF file, Gradescope will ask you to assign page numbers to each solution. If a solution extends over more than one page, you need to assign each of those pages to the problem. Failing to accurately assign the pages causes significant extra work for the graders.
If you do not submit a solution to a problem, please assign "page 1" (the cover page) to the problem.

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Policy on collaboration and the use of web sources

Studying in groups is encouraged.

Collaboration on current homework is discouraged but not prohibited. If you do collaborate, state it at the beginning of your solution (give name of collaborator(s)). You may share ideas, not entire solutions. Sharing .tex source files is strictly prohibited. DO NOT COPY someone else's solution. If you got some help, understand the ideas discussed and give your own rendering. Violation of these rules constitutes academic dishonesty and will be deal with accordingly.

Posting a solution to an assigned problem online without the instructor's permission is a serious academic offense.

Use of the Web. You may look up pertinent general information online but not the posted solution to a problem that significantly overlaps with the problem assigned.

Do NOT SEARCH for a solution to the specific problem assigned. If you found a closely related website, okay, but include the link in your homework submission. DO NOT COPY: understand, then write your own version without looking at the source.

Unfortunately, by widespread abuse of the web, you can find solutions online to the great majority of the most elegant and instructive problems. Use the web with restraint. The way to learn matematical subjects (such as the Theory of Algorithms) is by discovering it through solving problems. If you look up the solutions, you are denying yourself the experience of discovery.

In any case, if you use a web source, acknowledge the source, include the URL at the beginning of your solution. If the URL is long (longer than 15 characters, excluding the "https://" prefix), please also send it by email to the instructor (because it is not possible to cut and paste from the Gradescope site).

Using AI tools. At this point I am not prohibiting this, but this policy may change. For now, if you do use AI tools, acknowledge it at the beginning of the solution, and send me, by email, a detailed report of what exactly you were using, and how. The report should be sufficiently detailed to allow me to reproduce your experiment. Tell me about your experience and your opinion about the pros and cons of using these tools.

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Zoom and privacy

Please login to the course Zoom session at the beginning of each class and mute your voice. We will be using Zoom "chat" in class, for you to answer the instructor's questions, and to convey your comments or questions to the instructor. Make sure to make all your communications in private mode. The instructor will publicly comment on the chat answers but will never identify the person on whose answer he is commenting. The "chat" comments will be recorded for later review by the instructor. Class participation will primarily be judged by this record. What matters most is that you give answers, and not whether your answers are correct (as long as they represent an honest attempt at answering the question).

Note that you can set your name in your Zoom profile, so you do not have to go with whatever has been assigned. If you set a name that cannot be easily matched to the your name on record with the University, please let your instructor know.


Instructor's home page

Department of Computer Science home page

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